What should I do immediately after a semi-truck accident in Michigan?

Call 911, get medical care and document the truck and scene if it is safe. Then keep the report number, medical papers, insurance letters, photos and messages so Michigan Legal Center can review the claim path.

What should I take pictures of after a semi-truck crash?

Photograph the truck, trailer, company markings, Department of Transportation number, plates, damage, debris, skid marks, traffic controls, road conditions, visible injuries and nearby cameras if you can do so safely. Do not put yourself in traffic or delay medical care to take photos.

How should I handle calls from the trucking company's insurer?

Do not rush into a recorded statement or broad paperwork. First find out who is calling, what company they represent, what claim is involved and whether Michigan Legal Center should handle the communication.

Should I sign a release after a semi-truck accident?

No. Do not sign a settlement release, property damage release or broad medical authorization before the medical, PIP, liability, coverage and future damage issues are reviewed. Some paperwork can affect more than the issue discussed on the phone.

Who pays medical bills after a Michigan semi-truck accident?

PIP may cover crash-related medical expenses, but the responsible insurer depends on priority rules, available policies, the injured person's role, vehicle status, selected PIP medical coverage and facts. The trucking company's liability insurer is a separate issue from PIP priority.

Why does truck evidence need to be preserved quickly?

Truck evidence can include video, electronic logging device records, engine control module data, dispatch records, maintenance records, cargo records, repair records, drug or alcohol testing records and witness information. Some of that evidence may be overwritten, changed, repaired, moved or held by companies that need quick preservation requests.

What if I already gave a statement or signed paperwork?

Write down who contacted you, when it happened, what company they represented, what you were asked and what documents you signed or received. Then contact Michigan Legal Center before giving another statement or responding to a denial, release or settlement offer.

Is a semi-truck accident different from a regular car accident?

Yes. Both can involve Michigan crash reporting, medical treatment and no-fault/PIP issues, but semi-truck crashes often add company records, commercial insurance, multiple entities, federal trucking evidence and a fast response from the carrier or insurer.

After a Michigan Semi-Truck Accident

What should you do after a semi-truck accident in Michigan?

If you were involved in a semi-truck crash in Michigan, call 911 to report the crash and get whatever medical care you need. After ensuring your personal safety, document the scene and the condition of your vehicle and the truck involved, preserve all insurance and medical records and avoid giving recorded statements or signing any releases before a claim can be reviewed.

What should you do first at the scene of a semi-truck crash?

Start with safety and medical care.

move out of the way of traffic
call 911 to request police and medical help
tell responders where you are, how many vehicles are involved and whether anyone appears injured
get medical care at the scene, at an emergency room, at urgent care or with your doctor as soon as you can
ask for the police report number or the responding agency's name

Drivers must immediately report crashes involving injury, death or $1,000 or more in apparent property damage under Michigan law MCL 257.622.

Give necessary facts to police and medical providers. Avoid guessing about speed, distance, fault, long-term injuries or what the truck driver was doing unless you actually observed it.

What truck information and records should you document?

Only document the scene if it’s safe. Do not place yourself in or near moving traffic or a crash that is still dangerous. If you are hurt, focus on medical care and let someone else gather information if possible.

Useful truck and scene information may include:

company name, carrier name and visible Department of Transportation numbers
tractor plate, trailer plate, trailer number and company markings
photos of all vehicles, damage, debris, skid marks, gouge marks, road conditions, weather, traffic lights, signs and lane layout
photos of visible injuries and vehicle interiors if relevant
witness names, phone numbers and messages
the police report number, officer name and agency
nearby business cameras, traffic cameras, doorbell cameras, dashcams or work zone cameras
tow yard, repair shop and total loss paperwork

Don’t assume the company name on the side of the truck is the only company involved. Keep all insurance and medical records you are given, including discharge papers, appointment instructions, work restrictions, claim numbers, insurance letters, emails, texts, app messages, repair estimates and any paperwork from the trucking company or an insurer.

For deeper evidence preservation issues, see Michigan Legal Center's guide to truck accident evidence preservation.

Should you give the trucking company's insurer a recorded statement before legal review?

No. Be careful before talking with any trucking company representative who wants a recorded statement. The company’s insurer, risk manager, carrier representative or claims adjuster may try to speak with you, but their goal is to protect the company, not you or your claim.

Ask basic questions before giving any statement such as:

Who do you work for?
What company or insurer do you represent?
What claim number are you calling about?
Are you asking for a recorded statement?
Are you asking about property damage, medical bills, fault, injuries, prior medical history, wage loss or settlement?

Don’t rush into a recorded statement before you understand which insurer is asking, what claim is involved, what your policy may require and how the answers may be used. A request from your own insurer about personal injury protection (PIP) benefits can raise different issues than a request from the trucking company's liability insurer.

The Michigan Legal Center guide on recorded statements after a Michigan car accident can help you determine the best course of action. The same caution is especially important when a commercial truck carrier may already be collecting statements and company records.

Be careful with releases and authorizations too. A settlement release, property damage release, broad medical authorization or claim form can affect more than the issue you thought you were resolving. Before signing paperwork, let a Michigan Legal Center attorney review the medical, PIP, liability, coverage and future damage issues.

How do no-fault benefits work after a Michigan semi-truck accident?

After a semi crash, an injured person may seek payment through personal injury protection (PIP) benefits, a third-party injury claim or both.

An eligible injured person may be able to claim PIP benefits after a motor vehicle accident without having to determine fault. Depending on the facts of the case, PIP benefits may cover allowable medical expenses, wage loss, replacement services and related benefits. The categories that PIP is available under can be found in Michigan law MCL 500.3107.

Medical coverage from PIP benefits may depend on the level of insurance coverage the injured person chose or other selected options in the available policy. Which insurer pays PIP benefits depends on priority rules, available policies, vehicle status, the injured person's role and the facts of the crash. The truck driver's liability insurer is not automatically the PIP insurer.

A third-party injury claim is different. This is a claim for noneconomic losses such as pain and suffering, or excess economic losses not covered by PIP benefits. It may involve the truck driver, trucking company, motor carrier, owner, maintenance company, cargo-related company, manufacturer, another driver or another party.

Michigan's motor vehicle tort statute MCL 500.3135 generally requires death, serious impairment of body function or permanent serious disfigurement for a pain and suffering claim.

A serious impairment generally means an important body function is impaired in a way someone else can observe through actual symptoms or conditions, and the impairment affects your general ability to lead your normal life.

Comparative fault can reduce damages. Being more than 50% at fault can block noneconomic damages entirely.

Workers’ compensation may apply if you were injured while doing your job, but that does not automatically replace a no-fault/PIP claim or a third-party claim.

Work-related crashes can also raise special insurance questions, especially if you were driving an employer-owned vehicle or riding in a vehicle used for work.

Before signing releases or assuming one insurer is responsible for everything, have Michigan Legal Center review the workers’ compensation, PIP, liability and lien issues together.

For more detail on medical bills, read Michigan Legal Center's article on who pays medical bills after a Michigan car accident.

What deadlines apply after a Michigan semi-truck accident?

Deadlines can change depending on the claim, the policy and the injured person's role in the crash. Do not assume every claim, lawsuit or policy dispute has the same filing deadline.

A no-fault/PIP lawsuit generally must be filed within one year unless written notice of injury was given to the proper insurer within one year after the crash or the insurer already paid PIP benefits. Even when later filing is allowed, the one-year-back rule generally prevents recovery for losses incurred more than one year before the lawsuit is filed. That limit can pause from a specific claim for payment until the insurer formally denies it if you pursue the claim with reasonable diligence under MCL 500.3145.

A third-party injury lawsuit is often subject to a three-year limitations period under MCL 600.5805, but the correct deadline depends on the facts of the case.

The filing deadline can change if the claim involves wrongful death, an uninsured motorist, an underinsured motorist, a government vehicle or insurance policy issues. The safest approach is to have a Michigan Legal Center attorney review the deadline and notice issues before you rely on any general rule.

Why is truck evidence time sensitive?

Semi-trucks and other commercial vehicles are owned by a business, that business and other businesses that they work with are responsible for keeping most of the evidence in question. This includes the driver, carrier, trailer owner, maintenance vendor, cargo loader, broker, customer, insurer, repair shop, tow yard or a third-party data vendor.

As soon as possible, collect what you legally can and ask an attorney to help you preserve evidence held by the company, such as:

electronic logging device records and driver logs
engine control module, event data, telematics, GPS or dashcam data when available
dispatch records, route records, delivery schedules and company communications
driver qualification, hiring, training and supervision records
maintenance, inspection, repair, brake, tire, light and trailer records
bills of lading, load documents, cargo records and weight tickets
post-crash internal reports and testing records when applicable
scene photos, nearby video, witness information, tow records and repair records

Do not rely only on the police report or the trucking company's investigation to preserve company records. Some records may have short retention periods, meaning the company keeping them will not save them forever.

For operations covered by federal recordkeeping rules, driver records of duty status and supporting documents are generally kept for at least six months, while driver vehicle inspection reports may have a three-month retention period. Accident registers are generally kept for three years under 49 CFR 390.15.

Drug and alcohol testing may have an impact on commercial truck crash claims. Federal rules require post-accident alcohol and controlled-substance testing after certain commercial vehicle crashes. A fatal crash is treated differently from injury or tow-away crashes, where testing generally depends on whether the commercial driver received a qualifying citation within the required time window.

If cargo or debris was involved, Michigan Legal Center has a focused legal guide on cargo that falls from a truck in Michigan.

When should Michigan Legal Center get involved?

Contact Michigan Legal Center as soon as you can after a Michigan semi-truck crash. Speed is especially important if anyone was hurt, the truck company or insurer contacted you, evidence disappeared, fault is disputed or paperwork has been signed.

Ask a Michigan Legal Center attorney for help to:

identify possible no-fault/PIP insurers and coverage paths
communicate with insurers and carrier representatives
preserve truck data, video, records and scene evidence
review statements, releases, authorizations and claim forms
separate PIP benefits from the third-party injury claim
evaluate whether the facts support claims against the driver, trucking company, motor carrier, owner, maintenance company, cargo-related company or another party
track deadlines and notice issues without asking you to calculate them alone

If a semi-truck crash caused a death, the case may involve survivors’ loss benefits, wrongful death damages, estate issues and claims for conscious pain and suffering, loss of financial support or loss of society and companionship.

Michigan Legal Center can help protect your claim from lost evidence, missed deadlines and releases that give up important rights. You can start by reviewing Michigan Legal Center's Michigan truck accident page.